Online kabaddi betting in Great Britain: where to place a bet, how the price is built, and what the licence actually covers

Updated October 2026

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Kabaddi lands awkwardly in a British betting shop. The sport is dominated by an Indian franchise league and a long line of World Cup wins for India, and yet UK punters asking where to place an online kabaddi bet quickly find that no major British bookmaker makes a fuss about it. The sport appears in the list at the foot of the football page, or behind a tab labelled “Other”, and the only reliable schedules belong to the Pro Kabaddi League season. That is not, by itself, a reason to be cautious — a thin betting menu can still be priced sharply, and the rules of the game make it a more interesting betting subject than the placement on the page suggests. The reason to be cautious is everything around the bet: the licence, the deposit rules, the in-play cover, and the way the operator frames its welcome offer. This guide walks through each of those, in that order, so the decision to bet on kabaddi — or to leave it alone — is made on what is actually on the page and not on the marketing that surrounds it.

Data current as of 30 October 2026 and checked against the Gambling Commission’s public register of remote licence holders.

The fundamentals of kabaddi a bettor needs before looking at a price

Kabaddi is a contact team sport of South Asian origin, governed by the International Kabaddi Federation and contested at World Cup level since 2004. The first men’s Kabaddi World Cup was held in Mumbai in 2004 and Indian men’s and women’s teams have won every edition since. The match format the betting market prices is the indoor court version played seven-a-side, in two halves of 20 minutes for men and 15 minutes for women, with a five-minute interval. Seven players per side are on court and three to five substitutes sit on the bench, which sets the squad-size assumptions that handicap and totals markets rest on.

The scoring is what shapes the bet. A raider crosses into the opponent’s half on a single breath — that is the “cant” of the chant, “kabaddi, kabaddi, kabaddi” — and scores one point per defender tagged while still on the raid, plus a bonus point if the raider crosses the bonus line with six or more defenders on court. The other side of the same play is the tackle: a defence that stops a raider and returns him to his own half without scoring concedes a point to the raiding team. A defence that tackles all seven opponents scores an additional two points — the “All Out” — and the side that is All Out sends its full complement back on for the next raid. When a match is tied at full time, a tie-breaker is played: five raids per side, then a golden raid, in which the first team to score wins. Each of those mechanics is a market a bookmaker can price — total raid points, total tackle points, first to score, first All Out, handicap on raid count, and the simplest of them all, the match winner.

The Pro Kabaddi League — the franchise competition that dominates the betting calendar — was founded in 2014 with eight teams, expanded to twelve ahead of the 2017 season, and now runs across an Indian autumn-winter window. Outside that window, the markets thin, and the bookmaker’s price is rarely refreshed.

The legal landscape a UK kabaddi bettor stands inside

The Gambling Commission is the regulator for commercial gambling in Great Britain under the Gambling Act 2005. Since the Gambling (Licensing and Advertising) Act 2014 any operator whose remote facilities are used in Great Britain needs a Commission licence wherever that operator is based, and a Curaçao, Maltese or Gibraltar licence is not a substitute. Northern Ireland is outside the 2005 Act and is covered by its own older law — a GB licence does not extend to a Northern Irish customer. Every detail of an operator’s licence on the Commission’s public register is searchable by business name, trading name, domain or account number, and that register is the test of whether a brand holds a licence at all.

The licence categories matter for what a bookmaker may offer to a GB customer. The categories a remote betting operator holds are general betting standard (real events), general betting standard (virtual events), general betting limited, pool betting and betting intermediary (the licence held by betting exchanges). Kabaddi falls under general betting standard (real events) — the same category that covers football, tennis and cricket — and the absence of any statutory list of permitted sports or markets is the reason a bookmaker’s own Wettprogramm, programme or markets list decides what is on offer, not a regulator’s whitelist.

Three restrictions from a second source bound the bet. First, since 7 May 2019 a bookmaker must verify the customer’s name, address and date of birth before the first deposit, and that includes a free bet or a bonus — anonymous play is not an option at a licensed site. Second, since 14 April 2020, credit cards have been banned for gambling in Great Britain, including credit-card-funded payments through an e-wallet; debit cards and bank-based payments are not caught. Third, GAMSTOP is a mandatory licence condition for online operators since 31 March 2020, with self-exclusion periods of six months, one year, five years, or five years with auto-renewal, and a further seven years after the minimum before a customer can ask for the exclusion to be removed.

Responsible gambling: what the licence actually obliges a bookmaker to do

The customer-protection regime is built into the licence and into the Licence Conditions and Codes of Practice. The minimum age is 18, and identity verification is the entry gate — no verified identity, no first bet. That is also why no licensed British operator accepts anonymous play, including bets funded by a bonus.

The financial vulnerability check — LCCP condition 3.4.4, in force since 30 August 2024 — applies to licensed remote betting when a customer’s deposits minus withdrawals exceed £150 in a rolling 30 days (the threshold has applied since 28 February 2025). The check is a public-record check (bankruptcy, county court judgments and the rest), not an income check and not a credit-reference search. It runs in the background, the customer does not normally see it, and the operator acts on the result rather than reporting it back. Financial risk assessments — the affordability checks the press has written about under that name — were announced in a staged plan with no start date, so the public-record vulnerability check is what is in operation today, not the wider affordability regime.

Deposit limits are a customer-set choice, not a state-set ceiling: the customer decides the limit, the operator must offer one, and the first changes to how those limits are presented have applied since 31 October 2025, with a second phase announced for 30 September 2026 — whether that second phase is live today is not established in the public sources. There is no state-set deposit or loss ceiling for sports betting at a licensed British operator.

Help lines sit alongside the operator. GamCare runs the National Gambling Helpline, GambleAware funds treatment and education, NHS gambling clinics run in person, and Gamblers Anonymous runs meetings; every GB-licensed remote operator must link to those services, and most of them do so in the footer of every page.

The app and the browser: what a UK kabaddi bettor is actually using

A kabaddi bet placed from a British phone in 2026 is overwhelmingly placed through one of three surfaces: a native iOS or Android app downloaded from the operator’s site or an app store, a mobile browser that opens the operator’s responsive site, or a desktop browser at home. The deciding factor is rarely the surface itself — the same sportsbook sits behind all three — but the way each surface handles live kabaddi markets, partial cash out, and the in-play data the bet is priced against.

A native app typically loads faster on a mobile network, holds a session through a network drop, and exposes fingerprint or face sign-in. It also asks for the device-level permissions a mobile browser does not: notifications for score alerts, location services for the licence check the Gambling Commission requires, and, on iOS, the Apple Pay path for deposits where the operator has enabled it. A browser-based site asks for none of those and is the route the regulator and several operators recommend on a shared or work device.

The Pro Kabaddi League is the calendar the apps price against. Outside the league window — broadly the Indian autumn and winter — the kabaddi tab is often empty, the live markets are not running, and the bettor sees a thin list with limited price depth. That is a feature of the sport’s calendar rather than of the operator; the in-house product teams are pricing matches that do not exist. For a bettor who wants to follow kabaddi year-round, that thinness is the chief consequence of choosing the sport at all.

Live betting and cash out on kabaddi

Live betting on kabaddi works as live betting works elsewhere — odds refresh after every raid, after every All Out, and after the bonus-line raids that change the point spread — and the markets available in-play are a slimmer version of the pre-match list. Match winner, next raid outcome, next All Out, total points at the next interval and a handicap on the running score are the live markets that recur across the British operators; totals on raid points, race-to-X raids and method-of-next-score markets show up on the deeper books and disappear when the season ends.

Cash out on a live kabaddi bet is partial cash out, in the sense that the operator offers a partial close on part of the stake and lets the rest ride. The price is the operator’s, not the market’s, and it narrows sharply when an All Out is one raid away: the cash-out value on the trailing side collapses because the operator knows what the All Out will do to the score. A bettor who treats cash out as a hedge rather than as a tool of last resort will find that the cost of the hedge is the operator’s margin plus the spread the live market itself carries, and that cost is higher on a thin sport like kabaddi than on a deep one like football.

Live streaming of kabaddi is rare at British operators and runs through the Pro Kabaddi League rights holder, where it is offered at all. Where it is offered, it is gated by a funded account or by a bet on the match; where it is not, the in-play tab carries a clock and the running score without pictures, and the bettor prices the next move without seeing it.

Predictions, tips and the shape of a strategy

A “kabaddi betting tip” is a forecast of an outcome that cannot be forecast by anyone in advance. Pro Kabaddi League matches turn on player rotations, injuries named late, and a defence’s choice of which raider to send next, and no publicly available data feed prices those choices in real time. Pages that sell daily tips are selling predictions; the page that treats them as analysis is closer to the truth, and the bettor who treats them as instructions is paying a marketing subscription for a coin flip.

The shape of a strategy that survives that reality is a bankroll rule, not a tip service. The rule is to stake a fixed percentage of the bank on each bet — one to three per cent is the band most bankroll articles settle on — to keep a record of every bet settled, and to let the record, not the tipster, decide whether the staking is paying for itself. On kabaddi specifically, that record is short because the calendar is short, and a sample of forty or fifty bets across a Pro Kabaddi League season is not enough to call a strategy a winner; a sample of fifty bets on a deeper sport like football or tennis is closer to a credible base, and the inference a reader should draw is that kabaddi punts are bets taken with eyes open about the sample size, not with confidence in a system.

The other half of the strategy is the price. Two operators can quote the same match at different decimals, and the difference is the margin and the bookmaker’s view. A bettor who compares prices before placing each bet — even on a thin sport — captures a small but real edge, and the comparison costs nothing.

Bet types and odds: how a kabaddi price is built

The decimal odds at a British bookmaker are the total returned per unit staked, profit included. A £10 stake at decimal odds of 2.50 returns £25 (£10 × 2.50), of which £15 is profit; a £10 stake at 1.50 returns £15, of which £5 is profit. Fractional odds express profit over stake: 5/1 means £5 of profit per £1 staked, so the decimal equivalent is 6.00; evens, written 1/1, is 2.00 in decimal. The conversion rule is straightforward — divide the numerator by the denominator, add one.

The market a decimal price sits inside is the market a margin sits inside. Take an illustrative two-way market priced at 1.90 / 1.90: the implied probability of each side is 1 ÷ 1.90, or about 52.6 per cent, and the two together sum to 105.3 per cent. The overround — the sum the market quotes above 100 per cent — is 5.3 per cent, which is the bookmaker’s margin on this market under the assumptions used to build the price. The payout share is the reciprocal of that sum, so 1 ÷ 1.053, or about 95.0 per cent; in plain language, the bookmaker keeps around 5p of every pound bet on this market on average and returns the rest to customers as winnings. As a band, the margin on a market priced symmetrically at 1.90 / 1.90 sits around 5 per cent under the usual assumptions, and a reader who sees an asymmetric price — 1.70 / 2.20, for instance — should expect the margin to be a little higher, because the asymmetry itself adds a small amount to the overround.

The same rule applies to the handicap, totals and combination markets on a kabaddi match. A handicap of -3.5 on the favourite is a binary market — the favourite wins by four or more points, or it does not — and the bookmaker prices it like any other two-way market. A totals line at 39.5 points is also a binary market, and a same-game multi that combines match winner with total points and first All Out multiplies the three legs into one price. The stake on a combination bet is paid back at the multiplied price, and the price reflects the compounded margin of all three legs.

Each-way betting, a feature of horse racing and greyhound racing in British betting, is not a standard feature of kabaddi markets at most operators. Where it does appear, it doubles the stake and pays a fraction of the win price on the place side; the place terms are the operator’s, and the bettor reads them on the betting slip before confirming.

Sports and tournaments: where a UK kabaddi bet comes from

The fixtures list a UK bettor sees is the Pro Kabaddi League season, run by Mashelkar’s league operator under franchise rules, with twelve teams contesting a round-robin and knockout format across roughly four months. Pre-season and off-season, the calendar thins: the men’s and women’s national championships in India, the Asian Games cycle, and a long gap before the next World Cup cycle. Outside that calendar, no British operator carries a sustained kabaddi schedule, and the in-play markets follow the same cadence.

A second source of fixtures is the international calendar — World Cup editions (men’s and women’s), Asian Games, South Asian Games — run by the International Kabaddi Federation. The first men’s Kabaddi World Cup was held in 2004 in Mumbai and Indian men’s and women’s teams have won every edition, which has two consequences for the bettor. First, the favourites are usually short and the prices are tight, so a price-taker on India is paying a thin margin for a near-certain win. Second, the upset price on a non-Indian side is long and reflective of a thin market, and a stake on the underdog is paying for that thinness in the spread.

Tournament outrights — winner, top raider, top defender — appear at the bigger books for the Pro Kabaddi League and for the men’s World Cup, less often for the women’s World Cup. Each-way terms do not apply to outrights in the same way they apply to a race, and a stake on an outright is paid back at the outright price, win or lose, when the tournament is settled.

How the top ten UK kabaddi bookmakers compare

The ten brands below all hold a Gambling Commission remote licence for general betting standard (real events) and are presented in the order research names them, not in any ranking or recommendation. Kabaddi markets appear on each at a low depth compared to the headline sports, and the depth on each is roughly similar; the differences are in the operator’s standing offer — its app, its in-play cover, its welcome promotion and its payout times — and the table captures those differences rather than the kabaddi market itself.

The brands named above are the ten this page reviews. Each operates under a Gambling Commission remote licence and the table reflects what each operator’s own terms state on the subject in the right-hand column. A bettor who wants to verify the licence opens the Commission’s public register, searches by the brand name or by the account number, and checks the categories held against what the brand offers.

Copybet

Copybet is licensed by the Gambling Commission under account 53774 as Copybet UK Limited, holding a general betting standard (real events) permit. The standing offer that distinguishes Copybet is Best Odds Guaranteed all day, every day on all UK and Irish racing, with first past the post paid on horse racing even where the result is later overturned — a meaningful concession on a market where non-runner and disqualification outcomes drive a lot of customer complaints. The kabaddi markets sit on the sportsbook alongside football, tennis and racing; depth on kabaddi is similar to the rest of the British market. For a bettor whose calendar is dominated by racing and who treats kabaddi as a side bet during the Pro Kabaddi League season, Copybet’s racing concession is the defining factor and is worth more than any welcome offer on the racing side.

Smarkets

Smarkets is a betting exchange and runs under Gambling Commission account 39173 as Smarkets (Malta) Limited, with a remote betting intermediary licence — the licence category held by exchanges rather than by traditional bookmakers. The exchange model means a bettor is matching other customers rather than taking the operator’s price, and the commission and the available liquidity sit on each market. The standing offer that distinguishes Smarkets is its payout times: open bank transfer deposits are instant from £10 up to £10,000 and withdrawals are processed within 6 hours from £10 up to £100,000, with UK debit card deposits instant from £10 up to £15,000. Smarkets operates as an exchange, providing a different experience where users match bets with one another rather than taking a bookmaker’s price, and this unique structure is reflected in its licence category.

10bet

10bet runs under Gambling Commission account 43173 as Blue Star Planet Limited, and holds a remote general betting standard (real events) licence. The sportsbook covers football, tennis and horse racing alongside the wider menu, and the standing feature set is Cash out, Bet Builder and Live Streaming — the three features that have become the table stakes for a GB-licensed sportsbook. In-play coverage and bet builder options are standard on 10bet’s kabaddi matches, providing a familiar experience for those accustomed to main-market sports betting.

Spreadex

Spreadex runs under Gambling Commission account 8835 as Spreadex Limited, which operates under a remote general betting standard (real events) licence, and is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority for spread betting alongside the Gambling Commission for fixed-odds betting — a dual regulation that makes Spreadex one of the few UK brands that offers both products from one app. Spread betting losses can exceed the deposit, and the FCA’s separate regulation is the reason Spreadex can offer financial spread betting in addition to sports fixed odds. The feature set is broad: one-click, auto and partial cash out, Bet Builder across fixed odds or spreads, and live streaming of UK and Irish horse racing, greyhounds, tennis, NFL and selected football. Kabaddi coverage is shaped by the same calendar as the rest of the market. For a bettor who already trades financial spreads and wants a single app for sports fixed odds and financial spreads, Spreadex is the natural choice; for a bettor who does not trade spreads, the dual offering is irrelevant and the rest of the brand set is more focused.

BetTom

BetTom is licensed by the Gambling Commission under account 64959 as Bet Tom Limited, holding a general betting standard (real events) permit. The sports welcome offer is 50% back as a free bet of up to £50, with a matching 50% back up to £50 as free slot funds for casino play — a split welcome where the sportsbook and the casino halves are matched, and where the free-bet stake is the usual kind (the stake is not paid back with a win on most free bets at British operators). For a bettor who plays both halves of a brand, the matched offer is the primary feature; for sports-focused punters, the casino portion is essentially secondary.

Fitzwilliam Sports

Fitzwilliam Sports runs under Gambling Commission account 48760 as SBKI Limited, and operates with a remote general betting standard (real events) licence, and describes itself as a Dublin bookmaker with capped membership — a model closer to a private members’ club than to an open-market sportsbook. The welcome is labelled a “High Stakes Welcome” subject to compliance criteria, which signals a higher-stakes orientation and a vetting process before the first bet. For a reader looking for the deepest kabaddi menu, Fitzwilliam’s capped-membership model is the trade-off: access is gated and the menu is shaped by the membership’s appetite rather than by the open market.

BoyleSports

BoyleSports is licensed by the Gambling Commission under account 39469 as Boylesports Enterprise, holding a general betting standard (real events) permit. The sports welcome offer for UK players is £20 in free bets when a £10 bet is placed, with a parallel €30 in free bets for a €10 bet for Irish players. The Irish heritage shows in the strong greyhound racing and horse racing menu, and the football menu is deep. For a bettor whose calendar mixes football and racing with a side of kabaddi during the Pro Kabaddi League season, BoyleSports’ racing and football depth is the key feature, and the welcome offer is a simple trigger-based reward.

VBet

VBet is licensed by the Gambling Commission under account 44662 as SCGO Limited, operating with a general betting standard (real events) permit. The sports welcome offer is a £10 free bet if a new, verified customer stakes £10 or more on a first-ever bet that loses — a one-shot “second-chance” offer rather than a matched deposit. For a bettor who prefers a one-shot trigger bet over a matched deposit, VBet is the primary choice; for those prioritising menu variety, the welcome offer is a smaller factor.

Octobet

Octobet runs under Gambling Commission account 62545 as Octopus Game Limited, with a remote general betting standard (real events) licence. The sportsbook welcome offer is 50% back as a free bet up to £50, plus a £10 casino bonus for new customers — a sportsbook offer on the same 50% template as several others in the field, with a smaller casino sweetener. The welcome offer includes a modest casino bonus, which might appeal to those splitting their play between sports and casino sections.

BetGoodwin

BetGoodwin runs under Gambling Commission account 2927 as Goodwin Racing Limited, with a remote general betting standard (real events) licence. The sports welcome offer is “Bet £10 & Get £15 in Free Bets”, made up of a £5 sports bet, a £5 acca and a £5 Sub-Cover bet — a free-bet bundle that splits the reward across three bets rather than a single free bet. For a bettor who likes acca and insurance-style bets and wants the welcome split across those formats, BetGoodwin is the differentiator; for a bettor who prefers a single free bet, the bundle is more friction than gain.

The shape of the welcome offer at each operator

The welcome offers above share a structure that is worth reading once and applying across all ten. A “matched” welcome is a percentage of the first deposit returned as a free bet — BetTom at 50% up to £50, Octobet at 50% up to £50 — and the percentage is the headline and the cap is the ceiling. A “trigger” welcome is a free bet awarded when a qualifying first bet loses — VBet’s £10 free bet — and the trigger is the qualifying bet, not the deposit. A “bundle” welcome splits the reward across several bet types — BetGoodwin’s £5 + £5 + £5 bundle — and each slice has its own settlement. A racing-led welcome (Copybet’s Best Odds Guaranteed, BoyleSports’ £20-in-free-bets trigger) is shaped by the operator’s racing calendar.

In every case, the free bet is paid back without the stake: a £10 free bet at decimal odds of 3.00 returns £30, of which £20 is profit and the £10 stake is not returned. The wagering requirement cap — the 10x ceiling on bonuses that has been in force since 19 January 2026 — does not apply to free bets with no wagering condition, and no statutory cap on the money value of a bonus was found. A mixed-product promotion — a sportsbook bonus that requires casino play, for example — is banned under the same set of rules.

What a punt on kabaddi actually costs over a season

A bettor who treats a Pro Kabaddi League season as a campaign rather than as a list of one-off bets sees the cost of staking emerge in two places: the margin on every market, and the welcome-offer turnover on the first deposit. Both are arithmetic the bettor does once and then carries forward.

The margin on an illustrative two-way market priced at 1.90 / 1.90 sits at about 5.3 per cent as the overround and around 5 per cent as the bookmaker’s margin under the assumptions used to construct the price — which means that of every £100 bet on this market across many bets, roughly £5 stays with the operator as the cost of the betting line, and £95 returns to customers as winnings on average. A more asymmetric price — a heavy favourite at 1.50 / 2.75, for instance — carries a higher margin because the asymmetry adds to the overround; the exact number depends on the prices used. Across a forty-bet campaign the cost of the margin accumulates: at a 5 per cent average margin, a £10 stake on each of forty bets costs about £20 in margin over the campaign, and the bettor needs to win enough bets at the right prices to clear that cost before the campaign is profitable.

The welcome offer is a different cost. A 50%-back-as-free-bet welcome up to £50 against a £100 deposit triggers £50 of free bets, and each free bet, at average odds of 3.00, returns £150 in profit over the course of clearing — provided the bet wins. The cap on welcome offers is the deposit the bettor makes; the cost of the welcome is the wagering on the deposit itself plus the cost of the market margin on each free bet, and neither is visible until the bettor reads the terms. A bettor who treats the welcome as a small reward rather than as a way to make a deposit profitable is closer to the truth.

Offshore and unlicensed operators

An operator that takes bets from customers in Great Britain without a Gambling Commission licence is breaking section 33 of the Gambling Act 2005 — on summary conviction up to 51 weeks’ imprisonment, a fine up to level 5, or both, six months in Scotland — aimed at the operator, not at the customer. A customer who merely bets on an unlicensed site commits no offence under the section as drafted, but loses the protections a GB licence brings.

The list of what is lost is the better way to read it. No GAMSTOP coverage. No Commission complaints route. No approved alternative dispute resolution body — IBAS and the others handle disputes only where the operator is part of the scheme. No British consumer redress if the operator withholds funds. No 10x bonus cap and no £150 financial-vulnerability check. No automatic identity verification, which is also a problem for the customer: the operator may withhold funds at withdrawal on its own house terms, and the customer has nowhere to escalate. No general betting duty paid in Britain, because the operator is not British. And no recourse under the Commission’s enforcement powers if the operator disappears.

Enforcement is disruption rather than blocking. The Commission issues cease-and-desist notices, refers unlicensed brands to search engines, works with registrars, hosts and payment providers to take infrastructure away from unlicensed brands, and has been given, or is about to receive, court-order DNS blocking powers. None of that is ISP blocking in the way some readers expect, and a brand that has been blocked once can come back through a different domain. The honest framing is that a GB-licensed operator comes with checks and a route to complain, and an unlicensed one comes with neither.

Frequently asked questions about online kabaddi betting in Great Britain

How does kabaddi betting actually work at a UK bookmaker?

A bettor opens an account at a Gambling Commission-licensed operator, deposits by debit card or open banking (credit cards are banned for gambling), and selects the Pro Kabaddi League match or tournament market from the sportsbook. The bettor chooses a market — match winner, handicap, totals, first All Out — enters a stake, and confirms the bet on the betting slip. The bet settles at the conclusion of the match, and the return is stake multiplied by the decimal odds at the time the bet was placed.

Where can kabaddi be bet on from the UK?

For every regulated operator on the Commission’s public register that carries the sport — the ten on this page, plus others — a bettor opens an account, verifies identity, deposits, and selects the kabaddi market. The Pro Kabaddi League season is the calendar the books price, and outside that window the market is thin at every British operator. A bettor who wants kabaddi year-round is buying a thin sport’s calendar, and that is the consequence of choosing kabaddi rather than a consequence of choosing any particular operator.

How can a bookmaker’s Gambling Commission licence be checked?

The Commission’s public register is searchable by business name, trading name, domain or account number. A bettor enters the brand name or the licence number shown on the operator’s site, opens the register entry, and checks that the licence categories include remote general betting standard (real events) — the category that covers kabaddi — and that the licence holder’s name matches the name on the operator’s terms page. A brand whose entry is missing or whose categories do not include kabaddi is not licensed for the bet.

How is the return on a kabaddi bet calculated from the stake and the odds?

Decimal odds express the total return per unit staked, profit included. The return is stake multiplied by the decimal odds — a £10 stake at 2.50 returns £25, of which £15 is profit — and the profit is stake multiplied by the decimal odds minus one. For a combination bet the odds of each leg multiply into one price, and the stake is multiplied by that combined price.

What is the bookmaker’s margin and how does it show in the odds?

The margin is what the bookmaker keeps on average out of every pound bet on a market. On an illustrative two-way market priced at 1.90 / 1.90 the implied probability of each side is about 52.6 per cent, and the two together sum to 105.3 per cent — that 5.3 per cent over the 100 per cent line is the overround, and around 5 per cent of it is the bookmaker’s margin under the standard assumptions. A reader who sees a market sum above 105 per cent is looking at a margin above 5 per cent, and a market sum closer to 100 per cent is a thinner margin.

How do fractional odds such as 5/1 convert to decimal odds such as 6.00?

The decimal odds are the fractional numerator divided by the fractional denominator, plus one. A 5/1 shot is 5 divided by 1 plus 1, which is 6.00 in decimal; a 5/2 shot is 5 divided by 2 plus 1, which is 3.50 in decimal; evens, written 1/1, is 1 divided by 1 plus 1, which is 2.00. The profit in fractional odds is the numerator over the denominator per unit staked, and the profit in decimal odds is the decimal odds minus one per unit staked.

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